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Titanium is manufactured by heating titanium(iv) chloride with sodium.
TiCl4(g) + 4Na(i) = Ti(s) + 4NaCI(s)
1.0 g of TiGl, is reacted with excess sodium
(Ar: Na = 23, Ti = 48, Cl = 35.5)
a Calculate the amount in moles of TiCh reacted
b Calculate the amount in moles of Ti formed.
c Calculate the mass of Ti formed.
d Calculate the mass of NaCl formed,
e. Calculate the mass of Ti formed when 1 tonne of TiCl4 reacts with excess sodium (1 tonne is 1 000 000 g).

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Answer:

a. Amount of TiCl4 reacted: 0.005263 moles

b. Amount of Ti formed: 0.005263 moles

c. Mass of Ti formed: 0.2526 grams

d. Mass of NaCl formed: 1.2316 grams

e. Mass of Ti formed from 1 tonne of TiCl4: 252,631.57 grams

Explanation:

Given:

Mass of TiCl4 = 1.0 g

Excess sodium (meaning enough sodium to react with all TiCl4)

Atomic masses: Na = 23, Ti = 48, Cl = 35.5

Calculations:

a. Amount of TiCl4 reacted:

Calculate the molar mass of TiCl4: 48 (Ti) + (4 * 35.5) (Cl) = 190 g/mol

Convert mass of TiCl4 to moles: 1.0 g / 190 g/mol = 0.005263 moles

b. Amount of Ti formed:

The stoichiometry of the reaction shows a 1:1 ratio between TiCl4 and Ti: TiCl4 + 4Na -> Ti + 4NaCl

Therefore, the amount of Ti formed is equal to the amount of TiCl4 reacted: 0.005263 moles

c. Mass of Ti formed:

Multiply the moles of Ti by its atomic mass: 0.005263 moles * 48 g/mol = 0.2526 grams

d. Mass of NaCl formed:

The stoichiometry shows a 4:1 ratio between TiCl4 and NaCl: TiCl4 + 4Na -> Ti + 4NaCl

Calculate the moles of NaCl formed: 0.005263 moles TiCl4 * 4 = 0.021052 moles NaCl

Calculate the mass of NaCl formed: 0.021052 moles * (23 Na + 35.5 Cl) g/mol = 1.2316 grams

e. Mass of Ti formed from 1 tonne of TiCl4:

Convert 1 tonne to grams: 1 tonne * 1000 kg/tonne * 1000 g/kg = 1,000,000 grams

Calculate the moles of TiCl4 in 1 tonne: 1,000,000 g / 190 g/mol = 5263.16 moles

Since the stoichiometry is 1:1 for TiCl4 and Ti, the moles of Ti formed is the same: 5263.16 moles

Calculate the mass of Ti formed: 5263.16 moles * 48 g/mol = 252,631.57 grams

Therefore:

a. Amount of TiCl4 reacted: 0.005263 moles

b. Amount of Ti formed: 0.005263 moles

c. Mass of Ti formed: 0.2526 grams

d. Mass of NaCl formed: 1.2316 grams

e. Mass of Ti formed from 1 tonne of TiCl4: 252,631.57 grams

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