The amount of energy needed to free the most loosely bound electron from the outermost shell of an isolated gaseous atom is known as the ionization enthalpy or energy.
The ionization energy measures an element's capacity to participate in chemical processes that call for the creation of ions or the donation of electrons. It is often connected to the kind of chemical bonds that exist between the components in the compounds they create. See also electron affinity and binding energy. The outermost electron is more tightly connected to the nucleus as a consequence of the increased nuclear charge.
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