Adam Smith's theory that stated about countries should specialize in the production of goods and services for which they can produce most efficiently and then trade these for goods produced by other countries is called as Absolute Advantage Theory.
The absolute advantage concept was developed by Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations to show how countries can gain by exporting the goods that they produce more efficiently than other countries and specializing in producing and by importing goods that other countries produce more efficiently. The Scottish economist Adam Smith first described the principle of absolute advantage using labor as the only input in the context of international trade in 1776.
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