The theory of product liability dictates that joe is liable is Manufacture Defect.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 (the "2019 Act") defines "Product Liability" for the first time. According to the 2019 Act, product liability refers to a company's obligation to make up for any harm a customer may have suffered as a result of a product that was either created or sold with a flaw or as a result of subpar after-sale services.
Following notification in the Indian Official Gazette and presidential assent on August 9, 2019, the 2019 Act repealed the former Consumer Protection Act of 1986 (the "Erstwhile Act"). While the majority of the law's provisions, including the chapter on product responsibility, were adopted in 2019, they all took effect on July 20, 2020.
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