Respuesta :
Answer: The correct answer is Option C.
Explanation:
The ions given in the options are considered as polyatomic ions. This means that they are formed from the more than 2 atoms.
From the given options:
- Option A:
[tex]NH_4^+[/tex] ion is termed as ammonium ions.
[tex]H^+[/tex] ion is termed as hydrogen ion.
Thus, the names are not written correctly.
- Option B:
[tex]C_2H_3O^{2-}[/tex] ion is termed as acetate ion.
[tex]C_2O_4^{2-}[/tex] is termed as oxalate ion.
Thus, the names are not written correctly.
- Option C:
[tex]OH^-[/tex] ion is termed as hydroxide ion.
[tex]O^{2-}[/tex] ion is termed as oxide ion.
Thus, the names are written correctly.
- Option D:
[tex]PO_3^{3-}[/tex] ion is termed as phosphite ion.
[tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex] ion is termed as phosphate ion.
Thus, the names are not written correctly.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C.
The symbols and names of the ions are correctly named in [tex]\boxed{\left({\text{C}}\right){\text{ O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }{\text{: hydroxide; }}{{\text{O}}^{2 - }}{\text{: oxide}}}[/tex] .
Further explanation:
Ions are the species that are formed either due to the loss or gain of electrons.
A neutral atom, when accepts an electron, gets converted into negatively charged species, known as an anion. The number of electrons becomes more than the number of protons in the atom.
The formation of anion occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{X}}\left({{\text{Neutral atom}}}\right)+{e^ - }\to{{\text{X}}^ - }\left( {{\text{Anion}}}\right)[/tex]
A neutral atom, when loses an electron, gets converted into positively charged species, known as a cation. The number of electrons becomes less than the number of protons in the atom.
The formation of cation occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{X}}\left({{\text{Neutral atom}}} \right)-{e^ - }\to{{\text{X}}^ + }\left( {{\text{Cation}}}\right)[/tex]
Naming of cations:
1. The name of the main group cations is the same as their corresponding element’s name. For example, [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}^ + }[/tex] is named sodium cation.
2. The name of transition metals cations is similar to that of the main group elements, except for the charge that is written in parenthesis after the name of the cation. For example, [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{u}}^{2 + }}[/tex] is named copper (II) cation.
3. The polyatomic cation is named by adding suffix “ium”.
Naming of anions:
1. The suffix “ide” is added when a monoatomic anion is formed by an element. For example, [tex]{{\text{H}}^ - }[/tex] is named as a hydride.
2. When two oxyanions are formed by a single element, the oxyanion with fewer oxygen atoms is written with suffix “ite” and that with more oxygen is named with suffix “ate”. For example, [tex]{\text{NO}}_2^ -[/tex] is named nitrite while [tex]{\text{NO}}_3^ -[/tex] is named nitrate.
3. If a series of oxyanions are formed by an element, prefix “hypo” is used when fewer oxygen atoms are present and prefix “per” is used if more oxygen atoms are present. For example, [tex]{\text{Cl}}{{\text{O}}^ - }[/tex] is named hypochlorite while [tex]{\text{ClO}}_4^ -[/tex] is named as perchlorate.
4. The anion formed by oxygen is named by removing “ygen” from oxygen and adding “ide” in its place.
(A) [tex]{\text{NH}}_4^ +[/tex] : ammonia; [tex]{{\text{H}}^ + }[/tex] : hydride
[tex]{\text{NH}}_4^ +[/tex] is a common polyatomic anion that is formed by the protonation of ammonia and therefore named as ammonium, not ammonia. [tex]{{\text{H}}^ + }[/tex] is the cation of hydrogen that is a main group element and therefore named as hydrogen cation, not hydride. So statement (A) is incorrect.
(B) [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{O}}_2^ -[/tex] : acetate; [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex] : oxalite
The naming of [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{O}}_2^ -[/tex] is correct but [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex] is named as oxalate, not oxalate. So statement B is incorrect.
(C) [tex]{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }[/tex] : hydroxide; [tex]{{\text{O}}^{2 - }}[/tex] : oxide
[tex]{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }[/tex] is a monoatomic anion and is named by the addition of suffix “ide”. So its name is hydroxide. [tex]{{\text{O}}^{2 - }}[/tex] is the anion of oxygen and is therefore named as oxide. So statement (C) is correct.
(D) [tex]{\text{PO}}_3^{3 - }[/tex] : phosphate; [tex]{\text{PO}}_4^{3 - }[/tex] : phosphite
Both are the oxyanions of phosphorus. [tex]{\text{PO}}_4^{3 - }[/tex] has four oxygen atoms in it and therefore named phosphate, ending with the suffix “ate”. [tex]{\text{PO}}_3^{3 - }[/tex] has three oxygen atoms in it and therefore named as phosphate, ending with suffix “ite”. So statement D is incorrect.
Learn more:
1. Balanced chemical equation: https://brainly.com/question/1405182
2. Identify the precipitate in the reaction: https://brainly.com/question/8896163
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Ionic compounds
Keywords: ions, cation, anion, electron, prefix, suffix, phosphate, phosphate, oxide, hydroxide, ammonia, hydride, acetate, oxalate, NH4+, H+, O2-, PO33-, PO43-, OH-, C2H3O2-, C2O42-.
