Repressor changes its conformation when it binds to lactose, which prevents it from binding to DNA. This enables the transcription of the lactose operon.
What transpires to the lac operon when lactose is absent?
- The lac operon is turned off in the absence of lactose. This occurs because a protein called a repressor attaches to the operator region. This prevents RNA polymerase from attaching to the operon, which in turn stops the structural genes from being transcribed.
- Allolactose, which binds to the repressor protein, is created when lactose is present. As a result, the repressor protein loses its ability to bind to the operator region and inhibit transcription.
- This enables the three structural genes for beta-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase permease, and beta-galactosidase transacetylase to bind and be translated by RNA polymerase.
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