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a linear organic polymer consisting of a large number of amino-acid residues bonded together in a chain, forming part of (or the whole of) a protein molecule. "a polypeptide chain"

Let's start with a pH of 1. Since this pH is below any given pKa value, we have an abundance of protons in solution for a fully protonated amino acids. This gives us a neutral protonated carboxyl, and two positive protonated nitrogen atoms for a net charge of +2.

If you just want to know the net charge of a polypeptide, add the number of +ve charged amino acids (arginine and lysine) and the number of -ve charged ones (aspartic acid and glutamic acid). Whichever is the greater number twlls you the net charge.

For a polypeptide containing 25 amino acids, the number of polypeptide bonds will be 24.

The most common ER retention signal is the amino acid sequence -KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) or -HDEL (His-Asp- Glu -Leu) at the C-terminus

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