Based on the immigration patterns to the United States, the periods when various ethnic groups immigrated were:
During the Antebellum period before the American Civil War, immigrants to the United States were mostly educated Western Europeans such as Germans, Irish, French and English people.
In the Progressive era after the American Civil War, the immigrants that came were from the Eastern and Southern parts of Europe such as the Russians. Asians like the Chinese also came in large numbers to fill up the labor shortage caused by the ending of slavery.
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