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Answer:1
1.According to Malthusian theory, three factors would control human population that exceeded the earth's carrying capacity, or how many people can live in a given area considering the amount of available resources. Malthus identified these factors as war, famine, and disease (Malthus 1798).
2.three billion people
3.Because humans need food to survive, over time, the population would remain in line with the natural fertility of the land. ... Without restraint (abstinence or postponement of marriage), mankind was “condemned to a perpetual oscillation between happiness and misery”, which Malthus called “The Cycle of Misery”.
4."According to Malthusian doctrine, any increase in the Irish population would be due to their carnal and vicious nature. ... In effect, the Malthusian theory was used to reinforce British prejudice against the Irish and to justify the British failure to provide relief." The British didn't just fail to provide relief
5.Essentially, Malthus was wrong on both counts: population growth and technical change. He did not specify the exact rate of population growth, but suggested that with abundant natural resources (as in The New World), population would tend to double every 25 years
6.We were, he argued, condemned by the tendency of population to grow geometrically while food production would increase only arithmetically.
7.However, in the 1700s, the British parliament passed legislation, referred to as the Enclosure Acts, which allowed the common areas to become privately owned. This led to wealthy farmers buying up large sections of land in order to create larger and more complex farms.
8.Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality. For example, projected increases in temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability may all result in reduced agricultural productivity.
9.Neo-Malthusians differ from Malthus's theories mainly in their support for the use of contraception. ... Modern neo-Malthusians are generally more concerned than Malthus with environmental degradation and catastrophic famine than with pover
10.What Malthus Mat Have Misjudged. The case can be made that Malthus underestimated the impact an increase in manufacturing production would have on the human condition relative to the impact of an increase in agricultural production.
11.Malthus specifically stated that the human population increases geometrically, while food production increases arithmetically. Under this paradigm, humans would eventually be unable to produce enough food to sustain themselves. This theory was criticized by economists and ultimately disproved.
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