Cities are centers for development and were the birthplace of civilization itself in Mesopotamia. Government creates and enforces laws to keep everyone safe ex: The Roman Republic. Religion gives a society an answer to the ways the world works. EX: The Greek gods and goddesses. Social structure is the way a society is organized usually based on class. EX: India’s Caste System. Writing records important information for later use. EX Cuneiform. Art is a way for a culture to express itself, think of the religious paintings from the High Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance.