The statement that accurately represents John Dalton’s model of the atom is [tex]\boxed{{\text{C}}{\text{.}}\;{\text{A tiny solid sphere with a predictable mass for the given element}}}[/tex]
Further Explanation:
Postulates of John Dalton’s atomic model:
1. The matter contains indivisible particles. These particles are known as atoms.
2. Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed.
3. Atoms of the same element show similarity in their shape and mass, but they are different from the elements of the other elements.
4. Atom is the smallest unit that participates in the chemical reaction.
5. Atoms of different elements can form compounds by combining with each other in a fixed, simple and whole number ratios.
6. Atoms of the same element can form two or more compounds by combining in more than one ratio.
Advantages of John Dalton’s atomic model:
1. This theory explains the laws of chemical combination.
2. It provides a clear distinction between atoms and molecules. Atom is the fundamental particle of an element whereas the molecule is that of a compound.
Limitations of John Dalton’s atomic model:
1. It failed to explain the further division of atoms into subatomic particles.
2. It did not mention any concept of isotopes (atoms of the same element with same atomic number and different mass numbers) and isobars (atoms of different elements with same mass number but different atomic numbers).
3. This theory failed to explain the reason for the existence of allotropes.
4. This theory is not applicable to complex organic molecules.
Dalton’s atomic model is also known as the billiard ball model. He assumed atoms to be tiny solid spherical objects similar to the billiard balls. He called these atoms as indivisible particles. But they have some mass for the particular element.
So atom is a tiny solid sphere with a predictable mass for the given element.
Learn more:
1. Rate of chemical reaction: https://brainly.com/question/1569924
2. Bohr’s model of the atom: https://brainly.com/question/2965079
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Structure of the atom
Keywords: Tiny, solid, sphere, atom, John Dalton’s model, small particle, indivisible, allotropes, isobars, isotopes, complex, organic molecules, molecules, distinction, fundamental, laws of chemical combination, fixed, simple, chemical reaction.
