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Answer:
Water is a "polar" molecule, meaning that there is an uneven distribution of electron density. Water has a partial negative charge (Delta-) near the oxygen atom due the unshared pairs of electrons, and partial positive charges (Delta-) near the hydrogen atom.
Water molecules are polar because it determines the bent shape of the molecule in which the partial negatively charged atoms are covalently bounded to the partial positively charged hydrogen atoms.
What are the other characteristics of water molecules?
The other characteristics of water molecules are as follows:
- It acts as a universal solvent.
- It has a high heat of vaporization and high specific heat.
- Its solid form is less dense as compared to its liquid form.
- It illustrates other properties like cohesion and adhesion.
The distribution of charge is determined by the fact that the oxygen atom attracts electrons a bit more strongly than the hydrogen atom. This is due to the unequal sharing of electrons between the two different atoms.
This unequal sharing of electrons is responsible for obtaining a slight negative charge near the oxygen atom, while a slight positive charge near the hydrogen atom.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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