Respuesta :
Answer:
132.5 ATPs
Explanation:
We are Given, gadoleic acid has 20 carbons with one unsaturation at carbon number 9.
And we know that For a saturated fatty acid, one beta oxidation cycle results in 1 acetyl CoA molecule, 1 NADH + H+ and 1FADH2. this cycle occurs in 4 steps:
1. Fatty acyl CoA to trans-enoyl CoA: This step produces 1 FADH2
2. trans-enoyl CoA to beta-hydroxyacyl CoA: No reducing power or ATP is produced, Only hydrolysis of trans alkene takes place.
3. beta-hydroxyacyl CoA to beta-ketoacylCoA: This step produces 1 NADH+ H+
4. Release of one Acetyl CoA and fatty acyl CoA chain short of two carbon atoms.
Now, the cycle of gadoleic acid runs in same way till three acetyl CoA molecules are lost forming three FADH2 and three NADH + H+.
After loss of 3 acetyl CoA molecules, carbon number 7 (of actual chain) becomes acyl CoA and so, isomerase comes into action which converts cis double bond between carbon number 9 and Carbon number 10 to trans bond between Carbon number 8 and Carbon number 9. This isomerization then undergoes hydrolysis (as in step 2 of beta oxidation cycle) and step 3 and 4 take place as usual.
The above changes result in release in one acetyl CoA molecule and 1 NADH + H+ but FADH2 is not formed (because step 1 did not occur)
Remaining fatty acyl CoA containing 12 carbons undergoes 5 cycles of beta oxidation to form 6 acetyl CoA, 5 FADH2 and 5 NADH +H+.
So, a total of 10 acetyl CoA, 8 FADH2 and 9 NADH +H+ are formed in beta oxidation of gadoleic acid.
Now, each acetyl CoA on entering citric acid cycle forms 3 NADH + H+, 1 FADH2 and 1 GTP ( = 1ATP)
So, total 10 acetyl CoA from citric acid cycle will form 30 NADH + H+, 10 FADH2 and 10 GTP ( = 10 ATP)
Overall, complete oxidation of gadoleic acid will form, 39 NADH + H+, 18 FADH2 and 10 GTP ( = 10 ATP)
On ETC, assuming 1NADH + H+ to form 2.5 ATP and 1 FADH2 to form 1.5 ATP,
total ATPs formed will be 97.5 ATP (39 NADH + H+), 27 ATP (18 FADH2) and 10 ATP (10 GTP) = 134.5 ATPs
On the beginning of first cycle of beta oxidation, 2 ATPs are used for activation of fatty acid molecule. (these have to be subtracted)
So, net ATP yield = 134.5 - 2 = 132.5 ATPs
The ATP yield of complete oxidation of Gadoleic acid has been 132.5 ATP.
Beta oxidation of fatty acid has been a catalytic process for breaking of fatty acid molecules into acetyl Co A and NADH and FADH that enters the citric acid cycle for the generation of ATP.
The overall reaction for beta-oxidation can be stated as:
[tex]\rm C_n-acyl\;CoA\;+\;FAD\;+\;NAD^+\;+\;H_2O\;+\;CoA\;\rightarrow\;C_n_-_2acyl\;CoA\;+\;FADH_2\;+\;NADH\;+\;H^+\;+\;acetyl-CoA[/tex]
The complete oxidation of saturated even carbon fatty acid will result in :
ATP yield = 7n -6
Where n is the number of carbon
The complete oxidation of saturated odd carbon fatty acid will result in :
ATP yield = 7n - 19
The unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond at odd carbon results in a less [tex]\rm FADH_2[/tex] molecule production, resulting in the formation of 1.5 ATP less than the saturated fatty acid.
The ATP yield of 20 carbon chain Gadoleic acid :
n = 20
ATP yield = 7n - 6
ATP yield = 7 (20) - 6
ATP yield = 140 - 6
ATP yield = 134
Due to unsaturation at C9, there has been a reduction of 1.5 ATP.
ATP yield = 134 - 1.5
ATP yield = 132.5.
The ATP yield of complete oxidation of Gadoleic acid has been 132.5 ATP.
For more information about beta-oxidation, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/9399547
