Suppose Host A sends Host B a TCP segment encapsulated in an IP datagram. When Host B receives the datagram, how does the network layer in Host B know it should pass the segment (that is, the payload of the datagram) to TCP rather than to UDP or to some other upper-layer protocol?

Question

15-04-2020
Computers and Technology

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Suppose Host A sends Host B a TCP segment encapsulated in an IP datagram. When Host B receives the datagram, how does the network layer in Host B know it should pass the segment (that is, the payload of the datagram) to TCP rather than to UDP or to some other upper-layer protocol?

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estryzy estryzy · Answer 1 · 2020-04-18T03:12:52+02:00

Answer:

The 8-bit protocol field in the IP datagram contains information about which transport layer protocol the destination host should pass the segment to.

Explanation:

If host A sends a message to host B a TCP segment encapsulated in an IP datagram, for the network layer in Host B to know which transport layer protocol to pass the segment to, there is always an 8-bit protocol field available in the IP datagram with the necessary information of which of the transport layer protocol that the segment should be passed to by the destination host.