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Match the philosopher to the answer that most reflects their beliefs. Question 1 options: Civil liberties are very important, especially freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state. “I do not agree with a word you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it. Government should be limited. Best forms of government have a separation of powers among three branches of government to prevent any one from gaining power over the other two. People are naturally good. All people are born with three natural rights (life, liberty, and property), and it is up to the gov’t to protect these rights. If the gov’t does not, the social contract is broken and the people have the right to change their gov’t. People are naturally selfish and cruel. They look to gov’t for protection. To provide them with protection, the gov’t must have power centralized in one person. 1. Thomas Hobbes 2. John Locke 3. Voltaire 4. Montesquieu Question 2 (4 points)

Montesquieu - believed that the best form of government was one in which the legislative, executive, and judicial powers were separate and kept each other in check to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful (checks and balances)

Locke believed - all people are born free and equal, with three natural rights—life, liberty, and property

Hobbs believed - believed that humans are naturally cruel, selfish, and hungry for power;