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Estimate the approximate zeff felt by a valence electron of carbon and oxygen. Assume that the shielding of electrons within the same shell is negligible.

Respuesta :

Answer:

Oxygen : 6.3

Carbon : 4.3

Explanation:

The steps to calculate the Zeff is :

1)  Write  the electronic configuration.

Carbon: 1s2 2s2 2p2

Oxygen: 1s2 2s2 2p4

2) there are two core electrons in each atom and four in carbon and six in oxygen.

(1s) (2s2p)

3) as mentioned the shielding of electrons within the same shell is negligible.

4) for electron of s or p orbital  the shielding contribution by the electrons having a principal quantum number less by one would be 0.85 each. And all electrons further left would contribute an amount of 1.0 each.

5) For oxygen:

Zeff = Z - S

S = 2X0.85 = 1.7

Zeff = 8- 1.7 = 6.3

For carbon

Zeff = Z - S

S = 2X0.85 = 1.7

Zeff = 6- 1.7 = 4.3

pstnonsonjoku

The effective nuclear charge on a valence electron of carbon is 3.25 while the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in oxygen is 3.45.

From Slater's rule;

Zeff = Z - S

Where;

Zeff = effective nuclear charge

Z = nuclear charge

S = Screening

Note;

  • For electrons in the same (ns, np) shell S = 0.35
  • For electrons in the next (n - 1) shell, S = 0.85
  • For electrons in the (n - 2) shell, S =  1.00

The electron configuration of carbon is 1s2 2s2 2p2. The nuclear charge on carbon is 6.

We can calculate the screening on a valence electron as follows;

S = (3 × 0.35) + (2 × 0.85)

S = 1.05 + 1.70 = 2.75

Zeff = 6 - 2.75 = 3.25

For oxygen, Z = 8. The electron configuration of oxygen is; 1s2 2s2 2p4. We can calculate the screening on a valence electron as follows;

S = (5 × 0.35) + (2 × 0.85) = 1.75 + 1.70 = 3.45

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