Answer:
q₁= +0.5nC
Explanation:
Theory of electrical forces
Because the particle q3 is close to three other electrically charged particles, it will experience two electrical forces and the solution of the problem is of a vector nature.
To solve this problem we apply Coulomb's law:
Two point charges (q1, q2) separated by a distance (d) exert a mutual force (F) whose magnitude is determined by the following formula:
o solve this problem we apply Coulomb's law:
Two point charges (q₁, q₂) separated by a distance (d) exert a mutual force (F) whose magnitude is determined by the following formula:
F=K*q₁*q₂/d² Formula (1)
F: Electric force in Newtons (N)
K : Coulomb constant in N*m²/C²
q₁,q₂:Charges in Coulombs (C)
d: distance between the charges in meters
Data:
Equivalences
1nC= 10⁻⁹ C
1cm= 10⁻² m
Data
q₃=+5.00 nC =+5* 10⁻⁹ C
q₂= -2.00 nC =-2* 10⁻⁹ C
d₂= 5.00 cm= 5*10⁻² m
d₁= 2.50 cm= 2.5*10⁻² m
k = 8.99*10⁹ N*m²/C²
Calculation of magnitude and sign of q1
Fn₃=0 : net force on q3 equals zero
F₂₃:The force F₂₃ that exerts q₂ on q₃ is attractive because the charges have opposite signs,in direction +x.
F₁₃:The force F₂₃ that exerts q₂ on q₃ must go in the -x direction so that Fn₃ is zero, therefore q₁ must be positive and F₂₃ is repulsive.
We propose the algebraic sum of the forces on q₃
F₂₃ - F₁₃=0
[tex]\frac{k*q_{2} *q_{3} }{d_{2}^{2} } -\frac{k*q_{1} *q_{3} }{d_{1}^{2} }=0[/tex]
We eliminate k*q₃ of the equation
[tex]\frac{q_{1} }{d_{1}^{2} } = \frac{q_{2} }{d_{2}^{2} }[/tex]
[tex]q_{1} =\frac{q_{2} *d_{1} ^{2} }{d_{2}^{2} }[/tex]
[tex]q_{1} =\frac{2*10^{-9}*2.5^{2}*10^{-4} }{5^{2}*10^{-4} }[/tex]
q₁= +0.5*10⁻⁹ C
q₁= +0.5nC
