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Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape his concept of descent with modification?
a. Species diversity declines farther from the equator.
b. Fewer species live on islands than on the nearest continents.
c. Birds live on islands located farther from the mainland than the birds’ maximum nonstop flight distance.
d. South American temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of South America than to the temperate plants of Europe.

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Answer:

The correct answer will be option-D.

Explanation:

Darwin is best known for his theory of evolution which he proposes after collecting the specimens of plants and animals on his voyage.

He observed the similarity and differences of the morphological pattern as well as the species present in the area. On the basis of his conclusions, he suggested that organism get traits from their parents and species to change over time also called descent with modification.

One of the evidence that supported his concept is that he observed plant species in South America and found that these species closely resembled the species of the tropical regions of South America rather than species of the temperate region of Europe as the habitat was same.

Thus, option-D is the correct answer.

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