They have the ability to absorb more carbon than they release acting like sponges that can soak up carbon compounds.
A carbon sink is anything that absorbs more carbon than it emits. These sinks are very essential in maintaining the levels of carbon dioxide in the air at manageable levels. Common carbon sinks are undisturbed forests and soils, oceans, untapped fossil fuel wells, and photosynthesis of terrestrial plants.
With no greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at all, Earth would be a frozen -18 degrees C. With too much, it would be more like our neighbour Venus where the greenhouse air keeps temperatures around 400 degrees C.
Carbon sinks are important in keeping the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere at painless levels.
Carbon is the chemical spine of life on Earth. Carbon compounds control the Earth's temperature, make up the food that sustains us, and deliver energy that fuels our global economy. Most of Earth's carbon is kept in rocks and sediments. The rest is discovered in the ocean, atmosphere, and in living organisms.
If the ocean and forest sinks can't keep pace with rising greenhouse gas emissions, then the extra carbon remaining in the atmosphere could rise warming by 5 to 30 percent more than if the sinks keep absorbing at their current rate.
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