Tocqueville argues that equality leads Americans to favor industry and commerce over other occupations. He also points out, however, that industry and commerce create the danger of a new type of aristocracy in America because ________.
1) they reward not those who work hard, but those who are in the right place at the right time.
2) factory jobs are considered dirty and dishonorable.
3) they lower the standing of workers while raising the power and influence of bosses, making the former dependent on the latter.
4) the harder people work, the less freedom they have to make choices in their daily lives.