Which of the following choices best matches the contributions of these eminent scientists to the development of the theory of evolution by natural selection?
A. Thomas Malthus: traits are inherited as discrete particles; Charles Lyell: catastrophism; Alfred Russel Wallace: environment directly modifies an organism's traits
B. Thomas Malthus: population growth is always density-independent; Charles Lyell: changes in sea level make it seem like the continents have moved; Alfred Russel Wallace: the environment directly causes beneficial traits to appear
C. Thomas Malthus: removal of tails from mice over many generations causes them to grow shorter tails; Charles Lyell: events like major floods and volcanic eruptions are responsible for the Earth's geological features; Alfred Russel Wallace: seasonal variation in climate is largely due to the Coriolis effect
D. Thomas Malthus: populations grow exponentially until limited by resources; Charles Lyell: observable processes cause major geological changes; Alfred Russel Wallace: adaptation is caused by differential survival and reproduction of individuals with different heritable traits
E. Thomas Malthus: populations never grow exponentially: Charles Lyell: the location of the ITCZ moves because of changes in the axis of rotation of the sun; Alfred Russel Wallace: acclimation and adaptation are the same process