antibiotics interfere with prokaryotic cell functions. streptomycin is an antibiotic that affects the small ribosomal subunit in prokaryotes. specifically, streptomycin interferes with the proper binding of trna to mrna in prokaryotic ribosomes. which of the following best predicts the most direct effect of exposing prokaryotic cells to streptomycin? responses amino acid synthesis will be inhibited. amino acid synthesis will be inhibited. no mrna will be transcribed from dna. no m r n a will be transcribed from d n a . posttranslational modifications will be prevented. posttranslational modifications will be prevented. synthesis of polypeptides will be inhibited.