1. discuss cellular physiology in relation to drug therapy.2. describe the main pathways and mechanisms by which drugs cross biologic membranes and move through the body.3. explain each process of pharmacokinetics.4. recognize individual differences in patient drug responses related to genomic variations.5. discuss the clinical usefulness of measuring serum drug levels.6. describe major characteristics of the receptor theory of drug action.7. differentiate between agonist drugs and antagonist drugs.8. list drug-related and patient-related variables that affect drug actions.9. discuss mechanisms and potential effects of drug–drug interactions.10. identify signs and symptoms that may occur with adverse drug effects on major body systems.11. discuss initial management considerations related to drug overdose and toxicity.12. discuss selected drug antidotes.